Ingredients | Amount Per Serving |
---|---|
Calories
|
9 Calorie(s) |
Fat Calories
|
9 Calorie(s) |
Total Fat
|
1 Gram(s) |
Saturated Fat
|
1 Gram(s) |
(Nigella sativa )
(seed)
(Thymoquinone)
(organic unrefined, cold-pressed, virgin Nigella sativa seed oil (contains minimum 1.08% naturally occurring thymoquinone))
|
1 Gram(s) |
(Alpha-Linolenic Acid)
(0.2%)
|
|
(Gamma-Linolenic Acid)
(57.8%)
|
|
Omega-9 Fatty Acids
(Oleic Acid)
(23.1%)
|
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Black Seed 1000 mg. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Black Seed 1000 mg. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in amounts typically found in foods (7141,7142,7144). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of alpha-linolenic acid when used in larger, medicinal amounts.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: LIKELY SAFE
when used orally in amounts typically found in foods (7141,7142,7145).
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of alpha-linolenic acid during pregnancy and lactation when used in larger, medicinal amounts; avoid using.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in amounts found in foods (6).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when black seed oil is used orally at doses of up to 5 mL or 5 grams daily for up to 12 weeks (36071,94486,96927,96929,98815,101550,102062,110269,110276). ...when a specific black seed oil formulation containing 5% thymoquinone (BlaQmax) is used in doses of 200 mg daily for 90 days (110264). ...when black seed powder is used orally at doses of up to 2 grams daily for up to 12 months (36239,36244,94478,94479,94485,96928,102061,110268,110271). ...when used topically and appropriately, short-term. There is some clinical evidence that black seed oil can be safely applied as an oil 2 times daily for up to 6 months or 3 times daily for up to 1 month (95981,98814,102064,110262) or as a 30% gel twice daily for approximately 2 months (94483).
CHILDREN: POSSIBLY SAFE
when black seed oil is used orally at doses of 40-80 mg/kg daily for 2-19 months in children ages 4-17 years old (36071,95984).
However, the higher dose of 80 mg/kg daily has been associated with increased adverse effects such as gastrointestinal complaints when taken on an empty stomach (36071).
PREGNANCY: LIKELY UNSAFE
when used orally in amounts exceeding those found in food.
Black seed may decrease or inhibit uterine contractions (241) and may have contraceptive activity (242).
LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in amounts found in foods. Dietary intake in amounts of 5% to 10% of daily calories are appropriate according to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) (23723). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of omega-6 fatty acids when used orally in medicinal amounts.
CHILDREN: LIKELY SAFE
when consumed by children over the age of 12 months as part of the diet in amounts between 5% to 10% of daily calories according to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) (23723).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: LIKELY SAFE
when consumed as part of the diet in amounts between 5% and 10% of daily calories according to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) (23723).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when high amounts of omega-6 fatty acids are consumed in the diet.
Population research suggests that the highest maternal intakes of omega-6 fatty acids (15.2-47.6 grams or 137-428 kcal daily) during pregnancy is associated with a 2.4-times greater odds of giving birth to an infant below the 10th percentile for birth weight when compared with the lowest maternal intakes (0.4-5.7 grams daily) (96913). In addition, population research in women with a history of atopy suggests that the highest blood levels of omega-6 fatty acids during the second trimester is associated with an increased odds of having a child develop atopic dermatitis by age 4-6 years when compared with the lowest intakes (103309). There is insufficient reliable information available about supplemental omega-6 fatty acids; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Black Seed 1000 mg. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Theoretically, black seed may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Details
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Theoretically, taking black seed with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Details
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Theoretically, taking black seed with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Details
Clinical research suggests that black seed powder and oil might reduce blood pressure by 2-3 mmHg (16437,94489). In animal research, black seed modestly reduces blood pressure and concomitant use of black seed and amlodipine (Norvasc) or metoprolol (Lopressor) increased the blood pressure lowering effects of these drugs (101559,108703).
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Theoretically, black seed may increase the risk of bleeding if used with clopidogrel.
Details
Animal research shows that taking black seed extract daily for 2 weeks prior to a single dose of clopidogrel increases maximum concentrations of clopidogrel by approximately 31% and modestly decreases oral clearance. Furthermore, bleeding time was increased by 12% (108701). This has not been shown in humans.
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Theoretically, concomitant use with drugs that have sedative properties may cause additive effects.
Details
Animal research suggests that black seed may have CNS depressant effects (36064).
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Theoretically taking black seed might reduce the levels and clinical effects of cyclosporine.
Details
In animal research, black seed extract decreased the maximal levels of cyclosporine in the blood by 35.5% (94474). This has not been shown in humans.
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Theoretically, black seed might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
Details
In vitro research suggests that thymoquinone, a constituent of black seed, can decrease the metabolism of phenytoin by a mechanism possibly related to the inhibition of CYP2C9 (110281). The effect of black seed on CYP2C9 is unclear. This has not been shown in humans.
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Theoretically, taking black seed with diuretic drugs might increase potassium loss and the risk of hypokalemia.
Details
Black seed extract has shown diuretic effects in animals, which could theoretically increase potassium loss (36026). This has not been shown in humans.
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Theoretically, black seed might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Details
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Theoretically, black seed might increase levels and adverse effects of phenytoin.
Details
In vitro research suggests that thymoquinone, a constituent of black seed, can decrease the metabolism of phenytoin (110281). This effect may be due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9). The effect of black seed on phenytoin metabolism is unclear. This has not been shown in humans.
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Theoretically, combining serotonergic drugs with black seed might increase the risk of serotonergic side effects, including serotonin syndrome and cerebral vasoconstrictive disorders.
Details
Animal research suggests that black seed can increase brain serotonin levels (36180,94488). In one case report, a 35-year-old man undergoing endoscopic surgery experienced immediate postoperative serotonin syndrome that was likely associated with the use of black seed oil 600 mg daily starting 4 days before surgery, and precipitated by the use of serotonergic pain medications, including fentanyl and oxycodone (101558). Monitor patients for signs of serotonin syndrome and other serotonergic side effects if using black seed with serotonergic drugs.
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Theoretically, black seed might increase levels of warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding.
Details
In vitro research suggests that thymoquinone, a constituent of black seed, can decrease the metabolism of warfarin (110280). This effect may be due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9). The effect of black seed on warfarin metabolism is unclear. This has not been shown in humans.
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Black Seed 1000 mg. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General
...Orally, alpha-linolenic acid from dietary sources is well tolerated when used in the diet as a replacement for other sources of fat, such as saturated fats.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: There is some concern that high dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid might increase the risk for prostate cancer, although research is conflicting.
Oncologic ...Epidemiologic research suggests that high dietary intake of alpha-linolenic acid might increase risk for prostate cancer (1337,2558,7823,7147,12978). Other research suggests high intake or serum levels of alpha-linolenic acid does not increase the overall risk of prostate cancer (12961,15736); however, it might increase the risk of advanced prostate cancer (12961). Association with prostate cancer appears to depend on the sources of alpha-linolenic acid. Dairy and meat sources has been positively associated with prostate cancer, whereas plant sources, such as flaxseed, don't seem to affect prostate cancer risk (12909). According to a clinical trial, intake of alpha-linolenic acid does not appear to increase levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA) (91402). Also, longer-chain omega-3 fatty acids in fish oils are associated with a decreased risk of total and advanced prostate cancer (12961).
Other ...Alpha-linolenic acid is a type of fat, containing 9 kilocalories/gram, and may result in weight gain if consumed in excess. Patients should be advised that it's best to substitute alpha-linolenic acid in the diet for other sources of fat, such as saturated fats.
General
...Orally and topically, black seed seems to be well tolerated.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Constipation, gastric burning or discomfort, nausea, and vomiting.
Dermatologic ...Orally, black seed can cause itching, but this adverse effect is rare (94481). It has also been reported to cause bullous drug eruption and maculopapular eruption (94480,100324). Topically, black seed and its oil have been reported to cause allergic contact dermatitis (36053,36296,36297,100324). Rarely, topical use of the oil has been reported to cause a rash related to drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) (110277).
Gastrointestinal ...In a clinical trial, unspecified gastrointestinal complaints occurred in 20% of patients taking black seed oil orally (36071). Gastrointestinal complaints occurred rarely in another clinical trial; however, one patient in this study was hospitalized for nausea and vomiting thought to be associated with black seed oil (110267). Gastrointestinal adverse effects to black seed have included constipation (36180), burning sensation (94487), epigastric discomfort (94479), vomiting (94491), or mild nausea (94481,94489,94491,96927,96929). Gastrointestinal adverse effects to a specific black seed oil formulation containing 5% thymoquinone (BlaQmax) have included mild cases of bloating, burping and mild diarrhea (110264).
Genitourinary ...Orally, relatively severe menstrual bleeding has occurred in one clinical trial (104661).
Hepatic ...While intake of black seed has been associated with hepatotoxicity in some animal research, other animal research has not confirmed this finding (245,95982). Hepatotoxicity has not been reported in humans.
Immunologic ...Orally, black seed has been reported to cause bullous drug eruption and maculopapular eruption (94480,100324). Topically, black seed and its oil can cause allergic contact dermatitis (6,36053,36296,36297,100324,110266). One case of bullous drug eruption with skin detachment has been reported for a 54-year-old woman who used black seed oil orally. The eruptions resolved following treatment with clobetasol propionate 0.05%. Although this patient showed a positive skin prick test for undiluted black seed oil, the tests were negative when the oil was diluted to 10% and 1% (94480). A 28-year-old woman developed a rash following topical use of black seed oil. She was diagnosed with drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), including enlarged lymph nodes, and required systemic corticosteroid treatment. This diagnosis was confirmed six months later following confirmation with a patch test (110277). In another case report, a 58-year-old woman developed eczematous lesions on the lower and upper eyelids after topical application of an oil containing black seed. This reaction was followed by the development of a diffuse maculopapular eruption after taking two oral capsules containing black seed oil. It is theorized that the topical application of black seed oil led to systemic sensitization prior to the use of oral black seed in this patient (100324).
Renal ...Orally, black seed might cause renal dysfunction. A case of acute renal failure thought to be related to use of black seed tablets 2-2.5 grams daily has been reported for a 62 year-old patient with diabetes (94477).
General ...Orally, consuming omega-6 fatty acids in amounts found in foods is well tolerated.
Cardiovascular ...Dietary intake of the omega-6 fatty acid linoleic acid in amounts of 5% to 10% of daily calories is appropriate according to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) (23723). However, higher intake levels, especially when compared with omega-3 fatty acid intake, might be detrimental. For example, a higher ratio of dietary omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids is thought to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease compared to a lower ratio (66678). However, the American Heart Association Nutrition Subcommittee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism, the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, and the Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, suggest that reduction of omega-6 fatty acids in the diet is unlikely to be beneficial for the cardiovascular system if replaced with saturated or trans-fatty acids (66692). Population research has found that higher intake of omega-6 fatty acids might be associated with hypertension and increased levels of plasma homocysteine, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis (65498,66640,66642).
Musculoskeletal ...In epidemiological research, increased intake of omega-6 fatty acids was associated with elevated risk of fracture in the elderly (66662).
Neurologic/CNS ...In epidemiological research, an increased dietary ratio of omega-6 fatty acids to omega-3 fatty acids has been associated with an elevated risk of having a sleep disorder (107001).
Oncologic ...Some population research has found that high omega-6 fatty acid intake or blood levels are associated with an increased risk for cancer, including breast cancer and prostate cancer (3508,7824,66660,66664,66729).
Psychiatric ...In epidemiological research, adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) had higher levels of omega-6 and lower levels of omega-3 fatty acids in red blood cells (48200). The role of omega-6 fatty acids in ADHD is unclear; it is possible that the low levels of omega-3 fatty acids and essential fatty acids in general may be playing a role. Also, higher levels of some omega-6 fatty acids in the body are associated with greater depressive symptomology and neuroticism (65815,66659). Higher concentrations of some omega-6 fatty acids in red blood cells of patients with schizophrenia are correlated with positive schizotypal trait measures in healthy adults (66635). This may be related to increased intake of omega-6 fatty acids in the diet of patients with schizophrenia (96916).