Related Terms

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Background

• Nutrition is a science that examines the relationship between diet and health. Nutrition includes the foods that provide energy and health, including proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. A nutritional deficiency is a state where an individual's intake of nutrients is insufficient for the body's normal functioning. The body's needs for nutrition change as it grows. So, for example, babies have different nutritional needs than a pregnant woman or an elderly person.
• The body needs a regular intake of many nutrients such as protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals for the health of bones, nerves, organs, and other body functions. Proteins help build body tissue (such as muscle and organs), carbohydrates provide energy, and fats are a component of all cell membranes and are an important source of stored energy in the body.
• Vitamins are important for the cellular functions of the body. They are chemical substances that help the body use energy, build proteins, make cells, and repair injuries. Vitamins are divided into two general categories: fat soluble and water soluble. The fat soluble vitamins are A, D, and E. Vitamin A is necessary for eyes, bones, and skin. Vitamin D is necessary to make bones and teeth, and it allows the body to use calcium from the diet. Vitamin E is important for the immune system and for the cardiovascular system.
• The water soluble vitamins are vitamin C and the B vitamins. Vitamin C is important for fighting infection and for using the stored energy in the body. Vitamin C is generally found in citrus fruits and other vegetables like tomatoes and peppers. The B vitamins are important for building blood cells, nerve cells, and are vital for many of the body's chemical reactions. These are found in many meats and vegetables.
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Causes and Risk Factors

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Selected Nutritional Deficiency Symptoms and Complications

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Diagnosis and Treatment

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Integrative Therapies

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Prevention

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Author Information

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References

Natural Standard developed the above evidence-based information based on a thorough systematic review of the available scientific articles. For comprehensive information about alternative and complementary therapies on the professional level, go to www.naturalstandard.com. Selected references are listed below.

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